Construction of a Scale of the Locus of Control in School Situations
PDF

Keywords

pedagogy
diagnosis
sense of location of control
school situation
pupil

How to Cite

POZIEMSKA, J. Construction of a Scale of the Locus of Control in School Situations. Pedagogical Contexts, [S. l.], v. 1, n. 12, p. 205–223, 2019. DOI: 10.19265/KP.2019.112205. Disponível em: https://kontekstypedagogiczne.pl/kp/article/view/184. Acesso em: 24 nov. 2024.

Abstract

In many studies it has been shown that the activity of individuals depends on such constructs as self-efficacy, self-esteem, motivation, learned helplessness, or relationships with the environment. These, in turn, are closely related to the placement of a sense of control. Because it is shaped by experience, past events are important in this process, so in the case of a student, special attention should be paid to school situations. As there is a lack of tools that pedagogues could use to study and diagnose the sense of the locus of control of students, an attempt was made to construct one. The research sample consisted of 449 students of the second grade of upper secondary schools in Bydgoszcz. The reliability of the tool was verified by the internal consistency and the split-half coefficient, and accuracy by examining the relationship with the selected variables. The tool can be considered accurate. In terms of the scale of failures, it has achieved satisfactory reliability, while the scale of successes needs to be refined.

https://doi.org/10.19265/KP.2019.112205
PDF

References

Abramson, L.Y., Seligman, M.E.P. and Teasdale, J. (1978). Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and Reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, pp. 49–74, DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.87.1.49.

American Psychological Association (2007). Standardy dla testów stosowanych w psychologii i pedagogice [The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing], trans. E. Hornowska. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.

Averill, J. (1973). Personal Control over Aversive Stimuli and Its Relationship to Stress.Psychological Bulletin, 4, pp. 286–303, DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0034845.

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 2, pp. 191–215, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191.

Baumeister, R.F. et al. (2003). Does High Self-Esteem Cause Better Performance, Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest (Wiley-Blackwell), 4/1, pp. 1–44, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1529-1006.01431.

Brzeziński, J. (2004). Metodologia badań psychologicznych [The Methodology of Psychological Research]. Warszawa: PWN.

Ciżkowicz, B. (1999). Motywacja do uczenia się statystyki [The Motivation to Learn Statistics]. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwo Uczelniane WSP.

Ciżkowicz, B. (2009). Wyuczona bezradność młodzieży [Learned Helplessness in Young Adults]. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego.

Crandall, V. et al. (1965). Children’s Beliefs in Their Own Control of Reinforcements in Intellectual-Academic Achievement Situations. Child Development, 1, pp. 91–109, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1965.tb05285.x.

Cronbach, L.J. (1951). Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests. Psychometrika, 16, pp. 297–334, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555.

Drwal, R.Ł. (1978). Poczucie kontroli jako wymiar osobowości – podstawy teoretyczne, techniki badawcze i wyniki badań [A Sense of Control as a Personality Trait - Theoretical Foundations, Research Techniques and Research Results]. In: Materiały do nauczania psychologii [Materials for Teaching Psychology], series III, Vol. 3, ed. L. Wołoszynowa, pp. 307–345. Warszawa: PWN.

Drwal, R.Ł. (1995). Adaptacja kwestionariuszy osobowości: wybrane zagadnienia i techniki [Adaptation of Personality Questionnaires: Selected Issues and Techniques]. Warszawa: PWN.

Duckworth, A.L. and Seligman, M.E.P. (2017). The Science and Practice of Self-Control. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(5), pp. 715–718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617690880.

Dykstra, P.A. et al. (2011). Cross-National Differences in Older Adult Loneliness. The Journal Of Psychology, 146(1–2), pp. 201–228, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2011.631612.

Dzwonkowska, I. et al. (2007). Skala samooceny SES Morrisa Rosenberga – polska adaptacja metody [Morris Rosenberg’s SES – Polish Adaptation of the Method]. Psychologia Społeczna [Social Psychology], 2 (4), pp. 164–176.

Forsterling, F. (2005). Atrybucje. Podstawowe teorie, badania i zastosowanie [Attribution: Introduction to Theories, Research, and Applications], trans. J. Radzicki. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.

Grygiel, P. et al. (2013). Validating the Polish Adaptation of the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 29(2), pp. 129–139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000130.

Hejnicka-Bezwińska, T. (2008). Pedagogika ogólna [General Pedagogy]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.

Hojat, M. (1982). Loneliness as a Function of Selected Personality Variables. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38, pp. 137–141, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198201)38:1%3C137::AID-JCLP2270380122%3E3.0.CO;2-2.

Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji i psychologii zdrowia [Measurement Tools in Health Promotion and Health Psychology]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych.

Klein, J., Wasserstein-Warnet, M. (2000). Predictive Validity of the Locus of Control Test in Selection of School Administrators. Journal of Educational Administration, 38/1, pp. 7–24, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09578230010310957.

Kofta, M. (2001). Poczucie kontroli, złudzenia na temat siebie, a adaptacja psychologiczna [“A Sense of Control, Delusions about Oneself, and Psychological Adaptation”]. In: Złudzenia, które pozwalają żyć [Illusions that Let You Live], M. Kofta and T. Szustrowa (eds.), Warszawa: PWN, pp. 199–225.

Krasowicz, G. and Kurzyp-Wojnarska, A. (1990). Kwestionariusz do Badania Poczucia Kontroli. Podręcznik [A Sense of Control Questionnaire. A Manual]. Warszawa: Polskie Towarzystwo Psychologiczne.

Krasowicz-Kupis, G. and Wojnarska, A. (2017). Kwestionariusz do Badania Poczucia Kontroli. Wersja zrewidowana [A Sense of Control Questionnaire. Revised]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.

Maciąg, J. (2018). Konstruktywistyczna perspektywa wspierania dziecka w procesie uczenia się [The Constructivist Perspective on Supporting a Child in the Learning Process]. Konteksty Pedagogiczne [Pedagogical Contexts], 1(10), pp. 25–36.

Maqsud, M. (1980). The Relationship of Sense of Powerlessness of Antisocial Behavior and School Achievement. The Journal of Psychology, 105, pp. 147–150, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1980.9915143, DOI: 0.19265/KP.2018.110.

Meier, S.F. and Seligman, M. (1976). “Learned Helplessness: Theory and Evidence.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1, pp. 3–46, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.105.1.3.

Nowicki, S. Jr and Strickland, B.R. (1973). “A Locus of Control Scale for Children.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1, pp. 148–154, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0033978.

“Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development” (2008). Education at a Glance.

Rotter, J.B. (1966). Generalized Expectancies for Internal versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 609, pp. 1–28, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0092976.

Schwarzer, R. (1998). General Perceived Self-Efficacy in 14 Cultures, http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/health/world14.htm (accessed: 3.07.2017).

Seligman, M., Peterson, C., Kaslow, N., Tanenbaum, R., Alloy, L. and Abramson, L. (1984). Attributional Style and Depressive Symptoms Among Children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, pp. 235–238.

Skinner, E.A, Zimmer-Gembeck, M.J., Connell, J.P., Eccles, J.S. and Wellborn, J.G. (1998). Individual Differences and the Development of Perceived Control. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 63, 2/3, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1166220.

Weiner, B. (1985). “An Attributional Theory of Achievement Motivation and Emotion.” Psychological Review, 4, pp. 548–573, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.92.4.548.

Wojnar, I. (2000). Humanistyczne intencje edukacji [The Humanistic Intentions of Education]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Akademickie Żak.

Wong, P.T.P. and Weiner, B. (1981). When People Ask “Why” Questions and the Heuristics of Attributional Search. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, pp. 650–663, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.650.

Yinghua, Y. and Lin, L. (2015). Examining Relations Between Locus of Control, Loneliness, Subjective Well-Being, and Preference for Online Social Interaction. Psychological Reports: Mental and Physical Health, 1, pp. 164–175, DOI: 10.2466/07.09.PR0.116k14w3.

Zakrzewska, M. (1994). Analiza czynnikowa w budowaniu i sprawdzaniu modeli psychologicznych [Factor Analysis in Building and Checking Psychological Models]. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.

In accordance with the recommendation of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, which aims to counteract the practice of “ghostwriting” and “guest authorship,” all authors submitting their text for publication should attach an author’s statement which declares the contribution of each of the authors to the article. The printed and signed statement should be delivered by mail or other means to editor-in-chief Joanna Skibska or sent in the form of a scan to the following e-mail address: redakcja@kontekstypedagogczne.pl. The authors will not receive remuneration for publishing their papers. The editors reserve the right to make minor editorial changes to the articles which will not affect the substance of the article. We encourage all authors to prepare their articles in accordance with the guidelines for manuscript preparation. Download pdf file.

Authors transfer all copyrights and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. All authors agree to the publishing of their email addresses, affiliations and short bio statements with their articles during the submission process.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.