Communication skills of a child with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder is typically characterized by deficits in the ability to initiate and maintain reciprocal social interaction and social communication. The development of communication skills of a child with autism is crucial because it prevents or reduces the intensity and frequency of disruptive or aggressive behavior. In addition, the lack of opportunities to develop communication in early childhood may inflict a serious risk of other problems in adulthood. The text is devoted to the selected methods of diagnosis and therapy, based on scientific evidence, and currently used in Poland. The most used instru-ments for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder are the ADOS-2 (standardized “Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Second Edition”) and ADI-R (comprehensive, standardized, and semi-structured “Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised”). In Poland, the Psychoeducational Profile PEP-3-PL is used to carry out a functional diagnosis. The most scientifically researched and effective methods of therapy in the field of communication of an autistic child include PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) and ESDM (The Early Start Denver Model). It is important to be aware of the different quality of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and the activities of professionals. The most important thing, however, is to properly diagnose the abilities and needs of an autistic child and to introduce educational and therapeutic communication interactions as early as possible.